debian 下打包

debian 下打包

1，环境

build-essential(gcc, g++, libc6-dev，make, dpkg-dev), python, perl, gfortran
autoconf, automake, patch, xutils
dh-make，debhelper, devscripts, pbuilder
file, gnupg，fakeroot

2, 简单打包
mkdir pack
mv ./pack ./package.tar.gz
cd ./pack
tar zxvf ./package.tar.gz
cd ./package
dh_make -e account@domain.com -f ../package.tar.gz
    ... Answer prompts.
    ... Fix source tree
    ... If it is a script package, set debian/control to "Architecture: all"
    ... Do not erase ../package.orig.tar.gz
debuild or dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot -uc -b
    ... Make sure no warning happens.

注：我用这种办法成功把 pidgin＿2.5.5 打成 deb 包。正如前篇文章说的，我已经成功在机器上将源码编译通过了，但是在 dpkg-buildpackage 时总出错，有如下提示：
*** Warning: Linking the shared library perl.la against the
*** static library /usr/lib/perl/5.8/auto/DynaLoader/DynaLoader.a is not portable!
...
关键是先前编译的依赖我都解决了，怎么现在会不能通过呢，后来，小改了下 debian/rules 文件就可以正常通过了。原来是 dh_make 生成的 rules 文件还是有些小问题。先前让我不理解的 deb 包的依赖问题其实不是问题，build 过程会在 control 中自动添加依赖。
总结经验，打包前要对软件包进行编译试用，再将其打包，整个过程很简单。下面的方法太长，暂没有试。

3, 用dpatch和pbuilder打包
mkdir pack
mv ./pack ./package.tar.gz
cd ./pack
tar zxvf ./package.tar.gz
cp ./package ./package.org
cd ./package
dh_make -e account@domain.com -f ../package.tar.gz
    ... Answer prompts.
    ... Fix source tree by editor
    ... Try building packages with "dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot -us -uc"
    ... Edit source to make source buildable.
    ... Do not erase ../package.orig.tar.gz
cd ..
cp ./package ./package.bak
mv ./package/debian ./debian
diff -Nru  package-orig package > patch-file
    ... You may overwrite package directory while doing this.
    ... Make sure to keep package.bak for your safety
mkdir -p debian/patches
dpatch patch-template patch-file \
-p "01_patchname" "patch-file description" \
< patch-file > debian/patches/01_patchname.dpatch
cd debian/patches
echo 01_patchname.dpatch >00list
cd ../..
rm -rf package
gvim debian/rules

现在文件debian/rules的内容是： 

    config.status: configure
         ./configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share
    build: config.status
         ${MAKE}
    clean:
         $(testdir)
         $(testroot)
         ${MAKE} distclean
         rm -rf debian/imaginary-package debian/files debian/substvars

可以用编辑器修改debian/rules文件为以下内容使其使用dpatch: 

    config.status: patch configure
         ./configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share
    build: config.status
         ${MAKE}
    clean: clean-patched unpatch
    clean-patched:
         $(testdir)
         $(testroot)
         ${MAKE} distclean
         rm -rf debian/imaginary-package debian/files debian/substvars
    patch: patch-stamp
    patch-stamp:
         dpatch apply-all
         dpatch call-all -a=pkg-info >patch-stamp
    
    unpatch:
         dpatch deapply-all
         rm -rf patch-stamp debian/patched

现在可以用dpatch系统重新打包了

tar zxvf package.orig.tar.gz
cp -a debian/ package/debian
cd package
sudo pbuilder update
pdebuild

主要参考：http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/Debian-maint-guide/A